What the Research Shows: Weight/Hormonal Changes

Studies show that women with epilepsy run an increased risk of weight gain and higher insulin levels, potential warning signs of diabetes. In addition, hormone imbalance can occur in some women, resulting in increased levels of male hormones. Studies concerning the role of anticonvulsants in producing these effects have found valproate to be linked to weight gain and mild increases in male hormone levels, but not to be a cause of irregular menstrual cycles, increased lipid (fat) levels in the blood, or insulin resistance. Another study reported that women who remain on anticonvulsants following puberty and into adulthood, particularly those taking valproate, run an increased risk of endocrine disorders. Gabapentin and carbamazepine are also associated with weight gain. Topiramate, zonisamide and felbamate are associated with weight loss.