Generalized Seizures

Absence Seizures (Petit Mal)

What the Seizure Looks Like

This seizure may begin with a blank stare and may be accompanied by rapid blinking and some chewing movements of the mouth. It lasts only a few minutes and is most commonly seen in children. The person is unaware of what is going on during the seizure, but quickly returns to full awareness once it has stopped. Absence seizures my result in learning difficulties if not recognized and treated.

What To Do

No first aid is necessary, but if this is the first observation of the seizure(s), a medical evaluation is recommended.

Atonic Seizure (Drop Attacks)

What the Seizure Looks Like

A child or adult suddenly collapses and falls. After 10 seconds to a minute the person recovers, regains consciousness, and can stand and walk.

What To Do

No first aid is needed unless injury occurs as a result of the fall. If this is the first observation of the seizure, a medical evaluation is recommended.

Generalized Tonic Clonic Seizure

What the Seizure Looks Like

This seizure may be the most frightening of all seizures to watch. It may begin with a sudden cry followed by a fall, rigidity, and muscle jerks. Shallow breathing or temporarily suspended breathing, bluish skin, possible loss of bladder or bowel control is also possible. The seizure usually lasts a couple of minutes. Normal breathing starts, but there may be some confusion and/or fatigue followed by full consciousness.

What To Do

Look for medical identification. Protect from nearby hazards. Loosen ties or shirt collars and protect the head from injury by placing something soft under the head. Turn on either side to keep airway clear unless injury exists. Reassure as consciousness returns. If a single seizure has lasted for less than 5 minutes, ask if hospital evaluation is wanted. If there are multiple seizures, or if one seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes, call an ambulance. If the person is pregnant, injured, or diabetic, you should call for aid at once.

What Not to Do

Do not put any hard object in the mouth. Do not try to hold the tongue. The tongue cannot be swallowed. Do not try to give liquids during or just after a seizure. Do not use artificial respiration unless breathing is absent after muscle jerks subside, or unless water has been inhaled. Do not restrain.